Antibiotics

COUMARINS

Activity:  DNA gyrase and topo IV inhibitors. Inhibit the hydrolysis of ATP by binding at a site overlapping the ATP-binding site, acting as competetive inhibitors.

Source:   Naturally occuring products of Streptomyces species.

  • Novobiocin

 

Formula:     C31H36N2O11                M. Wt.:         612.6 g/mol

Solubility:    Soluble in water, ethanol and DMSO (all at 100 mg/ml).

  • Clorobiocin

 

Formula:     C35H37N2O11Cl             M. Wt.:         697.1 g/mol

Solubility: Insoluble in water, poorly soluble in ethanol (1 mg/ml) and soluble in DMSO (> 100 mg/ml)    

  •  Coumermycin A1

 

Synonyms:  Notomycin

Formula:     C55H59N5O20                M. Wt.:         1109.4 g/mol

Solubility:   

    

QUINOLONES

Activity:  DNA gyrase and topo IV inhibitors. Interfere with DNA chain breakage and reunion.

Source:   Synthetic compounds

  • Naladixic Acid

   

Formula:      C12H12N2O3                 M. Wt.:         232.2 g/mol

Solubility:    Soluble in water (100 mg/ml)   

  

  • Ciprofloxacin

   

Formula:      C17H18N3O3F                M. Wt.:         331.3 g/mol

Solubility:    Soluble in water (> 30 mg/ml), soluble in ethanol (< 10 mg/ml) and DMSO (< 10 mg/ml).

          

  •     Simocyclinone

 

Activity:  DNA gyrase inhibitors. Inhibits early stage of catalytic cycle, inhibiting binding of DNA to enzyme.

Source:   Streptomyces antibioticus

Formula:      C46H42NO18Cl         M. Wt.: 932.3 g/mol

Solubility:    Poorly soluble in water, soluble in DMSO (10 mg/ml)